Competitive PCB Chaw tsim tshuaj paus

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) tshwm nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Yog tias muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv ib lub cuab yeej, lawv txhua tus tau nruab rau ntawm PCBs ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Ntxiv nrog rau kev kho ntau yam me me, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lubPCByog muab kev sib txuas hluav taws xob sib txuas ntawm ntau qhov chaw saum toj no. Raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua ntau dua thiab nyuaj, ntau thiab ntau qhov yuav tsum tau muaj, thiab cov kab thiab qhov chaw ntawm lubPCBkuj muaj ntau thiab ntom. Ib tug qauvPCBzoo li no. Lub rooj tsavxwm liab qab (tsis muaj ntu ntawm nws) kuj tseem hu ua "Printed Wiring Board (PWB)."
Lub hauv paus phaj ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm nws tus kheej yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv insulating uas tsis yooj yim khoov. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyias uas tuaj yeem pom ntawm qhov chaw yog tooj liab ntawv ci. Keeb kwm, cov ntawv ci tooj liab npog tag nrho lub rooj tsavxwm, tab sis ib feem ntawm nws tau etched tam sim ntawd thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, thiab cov seem seem tau los ua ib qho mesh zoo li nyias nyias. . Cov kab no yog hu ua tus neeg xyuas pib cov qauv lossis cov xaim, thiab siv los muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas rau cov khoom ntawm lubPCB.
Txhawm rau txuas cov seem rau lubPCB, peb solder lawv cov pins ncaj qha mus rau thaiv. Ntawm qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws PCB (ib leeg ib sab), cov khoom yog concentrated ntawm ib sab thiab cov xov hlau yog concentrated rau lwm sab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, peb yuav tsum tau ua qhov hauv lub rooj tsavxwm kom cov pins tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm mus rau sab nraud, yog li cov pins ntawm ib feem yog soldered ntawm lwm sab. Vim li no, sab pem hauv ntej thiab nraub qaum ntawm PCB yog hu ua Component Side thiab Solder Side, feem.
Yog tias muaj qee qhov ntawm PCB uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm lossis muab tso rov qab tom qab kev tsim khoom tiav, cov qhov (socket) yuav raug siv thaum cov khoom raug teeb tsa. Txij li thaum lub qhov (socket) yog ncaj qha welded mus rau lub rooj tsavxwm, cov khoom yuav disassembled thiab assembled arbitrarily. Pom hauv qab no yog ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) lub qhov (socket), uas tso cai rau qhov chaw (qhov no, CPU) tau yooj yim tso rau hauv lub qhov (socket) thiab tshem tawm. Ib qho tuav tuav ib sab ntawm lub qhov (socket) tuav qhov chaw nyob tom qab koj ntxig nws.
Yog tias ob lub PCB yuav tsum tau txuas rau ib leeg, peb feem ntau siv cov khoom sib txuas uas feem ntau hu ua "cov ntiv tes kub". Cov ntiv tes kub muaj ntau qhov nthuav tawm tooj liab, uas yog ib feem ntawm qhovPCBlayout. Feem ntau, thaum txuas, peb ntxig cov ntiv tes kub ntawm ib qho ntawm PCBs rau hauv cov qhov tsim nyog ntawm lwm lub PCB (feem ntau hu ua expansion slots). Nyob rau hauv lub computer, xws li graphics card, suab card los yog lwm yam zoo sib xws interface phaib, txuas nrog lub motherboard los ntawm cov ntiv tes kub.
Ntsuab lossis xim av ntawm PCB yog xim ntawm lub npog ntsej muag. Cov txheej no yog cov ntaub thaiv npog uas tiv thaiv cov xov tooj tooj liab thiab tseem tiv thaiv qhov chaw los ntawm kev raug soldered mus rau qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Ib txheej ntxiv ntawm silk screen yog luam tawm ntawm daim npog ntsej muag. Feem ntau, cov ntawv thiab cov cim (feem ntau yog dawb) yog luam tawm ntawm qhov no los qhia txog txoj haujlwm ntawm txhua qhov ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Lub vijtsam luam ntawv sab tseem hu ua cov lus dab neeg sab.
Ib leeg-Sided Boards
Peb nyuam qhuav hais tias ntawm qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm PCB, cov khoom yog concentrated ntawm ib sab thiab cov xov hlau yog concentrated rau sab nraud. Vim tias cov xov hlau tsuas yog tshwm sim ntawm ib sab, peb hu ua hom noPCBib leeg ib sab (Single-sided). Vim hais tias ib lub rooj tsavxwm muaj ntau qhov kev txwv nruj rau kev tsim ntawm lub voj voog (vim tsuas muaj ib sab xwb, cov xaim tsis tuaj yeem hla thiab yuav tsum mus ncig ntawm ib qho kev sib cais), yog li ntawd tsuas yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaum ntxov siv hom board.
Ob-Sided Boards
Lub rooj tsavxwm no muaj cov hlua ntawm ob sab. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau siv ob sab ntawm cov xaim, yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas kom zoo ntawm ob sab. Xws li "choj" ntawm circuits hu ua vias. Vias yog qhov me me ntawm PCB, ntim lossis pleev xim rau hauv cov hlau, uas tuaj yeem txuas nrog cov xov hlau ntawm ob sab. Vim tias thaj tsam ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm ob sab yog ob zaug loj dua li ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm ib leeg, thiab vim tias cov hlua tuaj yeem cuam tshuam (tuaj yeem raug mob rau sab nraud), nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv ntau dua. circuits tshaj ib sab boards.
Multi-Layer Boards
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau yuav tsum tau siv cov kab mob sib kis, cov kab mob sib kis ntau dua ib leeg lossis ob sab txuas txuas ntxiv yog siv rau cov laug cam ntau. Multi-layer boards siv ob peb lub rooj tsavxwm ob sab, thiab muab ib txheej insulating ntawm txhua lub rooj tsavxwm thiab tom qab ntawd kua nplaum (nias-haum). Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg sawv cev rau ob peb txheej txheej txheej txheej, feem ntau cov txheej txheem yog txawm, thiab suav nrog ob txheej txheej sab nraud. Feem ntau cov motherboards yog 4 mus rau 8-txheej qauv, tab sis technically, ze li ntawm 100-txheej.PCBboards tuaj yeem ua tiav. Feem ntau cov khoos phis tawj loj loj siv ntau txheej motherboards, tab sis vim tias cov khoos phis tawj no tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm pawg ntawm ntau lub khoos phis tawj zoo tib yam, ultra-ntau txheej boards tau maj mam poob ntawm kev siv. Vim cov khaubncaws sab hauv aPCByog li nruj heev, nws feem ntau tsis yooj yim pom tus lej tiag tiag, tab sis yog tias koj saib ze ntawm lub motherboard, koj tuaj yeem ua tau.
Lub vias peb nyuam qhuav hais, yog siv rau lub rooj tsavxwm ob sab, yuav tsum tau tho los ntawm tag nrho lub rooj tsavxwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv lub rooj tsavxwm multilayer, yog tias koj tsuas xav txuas qee qhov ntawm cov kab no, ces vias yuav nkim qee qhov chaw ntawm lwm txheej. faus vias thiab dig muag vias thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem zam qhov teeb meem no vim tias lawv nkag mus tsuas yog ob peb txheej. Qhov muag tsis pom kev txuas ob peb txheej ntawm cov PCBs sab hauv mus rau saum npoo PCBs yam tsis tau nkag mus rau tag nrho pawg thawj coj saib. faus vias tsuas yog txuas rau sab hauvPCB, yog li lawv tsis tuaj yeem pom los ntawm qhov chaw.
Hauv ntau txheejPCB, tag nrho cov txheej yog txuas ncaj qha rau hauv av xaim thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Yog li peb faib txhua txheej raws li teeb liab txheej (Signal), lub hwj chim txheej (Power) lossis txheej hauv av (Ground). Yog tias cov khoom ntawm PCB xav tau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, feem ntau cov PCBs yuav muaj ntau tshaj ob txheej ntawm lub zog thiab cov xov hlau.